Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)

What is Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)?

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease is a common viral illness that primarily affects infants and children younger than five years old. However, it can occur at any age. Symptoms include sores in the mouth and a rash on the hands and feet, often accompanied by a fever.

What causes Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)?

HFMD is caused by several types of viruses in the enterovirus group, with the coxsackievirus A16 being the most common culprit. The disease spreads easily from person to person, typically through contact with an infected person's nose or throat secretions, blister fluid, or feces.

What are the symptoms of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)?

Symptoms of HFMD can include:

• Fever

• Reduced appetite

• Sore throat

• Feeling unwell

• Painful, red blisters in the mouth

• Red rash on the hands and feet, which might blister

• Irritability in infants and toddlers

How do I treat Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)?

There is no specific treatment for HFMD. However, symptom relief can be achieved with:

• Over-the-counter pain and fever relievers (Note: Aspirin should be avoided in children due to the risk of Reye's syndrome)

• Mouthwashes or sprays to numb mouth pain

• Adequate hydration

• Rest

How do I prevent Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)?

To reduce the risk of HFMD:

• Wash hands often with soap and water, especially after changing diapers and using the toilet

• Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces and objects

• Avoid close contact (like kissing, hugging, or sharing utensils) with infected individuals

• Keep infected children home from school or daycare until fever is gone and mouth sores have healed