NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)

What are NSAIDs?

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, commonly referred to as NSAIDs, are a class of medications primarily used to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and reduce fever. Some commonly used over-the-counter NSAIDs include ibuprofen (e.g., Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (e.g., Aleve). Prescription forms are also available for more severe conditions. They function by blocking enzymes that produce prostaglandins, substances in the body that contribute to inflammation and pain.

What are possible side effects of NSAIDs?

Common side effects of NSAIDs include:

  • Stomach pain or heartburn

  • Nausea or vomiting

  • Diarrhea or constipation

  • Headache

  • Dizziness

  • High blood pressure

More severe side effects, although less common, can include:

  • Ulcers or bleeding in the stomach or intestines

  • Kidney problems

  • Heart attack or stroke

  • Allergic reactions like skin rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing

How are NSAIDs used?

NSAIDs are available in both oral (tablets, capsules, liquid) and topical forms (gels, creams). The dose and frequency depend on the specific drug and the condition being treated. It's important to take only the recommended dose and not to use multiple products containing NSAIDs at the same time. For chronic conditions or long-term use, regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is advisable.

Precautions:

  • People with certain conditions like asthma, high blood pressure, kidney, or liver disease should consult a healthcare provider before using NSAIDs.

  • Pregnant or nursing women should seek advice from a healthcare professional before using NSAIDs.

  • Long-term use or high doses of NSAIDs can increase the risk of heart attack or stroke.

  • Taking NSAIDs with alcohol can increase the risk of stomach bleeding.

  • Always read the label and be aware of potential drug interactions, especially if you are on multiple medications. Inform your healthcare provider of all the medications and supplements you're taking.

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