Topical Antimicrobials and Antibiotics

What are topical antimicrobials?

Topical antimicrobials refer to a broad category of medications designed to treat dermatological conditions where skin microbes like bacteria, yeast, or fungi may be involved. These include:

• Medications for acne: topical clindamycin, benzoyl peroxide, dapsone, or azelaic acid

• Medications for rosacea: topical metronidazole, ivermectin, or azelaic acid

• Medications for bacterial infections: mupirocin, gentamicin, or Neosporin

• Medications for yeast or fungal body infections: nystatin, ketoconazole, ciclopirox, or terbinafine

What are possible side effects of topical antimicrobials?

Generally, topical antimicrobials are well-tolerated and cause few side effects. Some may increase sun sensitivity or cause minor skin irritation. Certain medications like benzoyl peroxide can bleach fabrics such as towels and pillowcases.

How are topical antimicrobials used?

Consistent, daily application is crucial for the effectiveness of topical antimicrobials. Some may require multiple applications per day; thus, adherence to your treatment plan is essential for seeing results.

If using the medication for facial conditions like acne or rosacea, ensure that your face is clean before application. Utilize a gentle cleanser like Cerave or Cetaphil, then apply a pea-sized amount of medication to the entire face. Spot-treating specific areas is not recommended, as the aim is to prevent new areas of activity. You may apply other products like moisturizers over the medication, but the medication should be the first product applied after washing.

For conditions like toenail fungus, treatment can extend up to a year. Persistence and daily use are crucial. If ineffectiveness persists after the treatment course, consider alternative options like oral antifungal medications.