Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors

What are topical calcineurin inhibitors?

Topical calcineurin inhibitors, including pimecrolimus (Elidel) and tacrolimus (Protopic), are medications that modulate the immune system to reduce skin inflammation. While they are primarily approved for treating atopic dermatitis, they are also used off-label for conditions such as contact dermatitis and periorificial dermatitis.

What are possible side effects of topical calcineurin inhibitors?

These medications are not steroids, making them a safer option for sensitive areas like the face and genital regions. Initial use may result in some stinging or burning sensations, which is generally normal.

The medications carry a label warning for an increased risk of lymphoma. However, the relevance of this risk to humans is not thought to be significant, as the studies were conducted in mice that were entirely coated with the medication, leading to greater systemic absorption.

How are topical calcineurin inhibitors used?

Pimecrolimus comes in a cream form, while tacrolimus is available as an ointment. Depending on the prescribed regimen, these may be applied once or twice daily. Apply a thin layer to the affected areas for best results.