Sebaceous Hyperplasia

What is sebaceous hyperplasia?

Sebaceous hyperplasia is a common, benign skin condition characterized by enlarged sebaceous glands, presenting as small, soft, yellowish, dome-shaped bumps on the skin. These bumps often have a central indentation. They typically appear on the forehead, cheeks, and nose, areas with a high concentration of oil glands.

What causes sebaceous hyperplasia?

The exact cause of sebaceous hyperplasia is not entirely clear, but several factors are believed to play a role:

• Aging: As the skin ages, the sebaceous glands can enlarge, leading to the appearance of these bumps.

• Genetics: Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition.

• Hormonal factors: Changes in hormone levels might influence the sebaceous glands.

• Ultraviolet (UV) radiation: Chronic sun exposure might contribute to the condition.

• Certain medications: Immunosuppressant drugs, especially cyclosporine, have been linked to sebaceous hyperplasia.

What are the symptoms of sebaceous hyperplasia?

Sebaceous hyperplasia manifests primarily as skin lesions:

• Appearance: Soft, yellowish papules with a central indentation

• Size: Typically 2-5 mm in diameter

• Texture: Smooth or slightly pebbly

• Location: Mostly on the forehead, cheeks, and nose

• Painless: The lesions are benign and don't cause any pain or discomfort.

How do I treat sebaceous hyperplasia?

While sebaceous hyperplasia is harmless and treatment isn't medically necessary, some people opt for removal due to cosmetic concerns:

• Cryotherapy: Freezing the lesions using liquid nitrogen

• Electrocautery: Using an electric current to burn off the bumps

• Laser therapy: Certain types of lasers can effectively treat the condition

• Photodynamic therapy (PDT): Combining light treatment with a photosensitizing agent

• Topical treatments: Some retinoids can be effective, though results vary

• Surgical excision: Removal of the lesion with a scalpel, primarily for larger lesions

How do I prevent sebaceous hyperplasia?

While you can't prevent sebaceous hyperplasia entirely, some steps might reduce the risk:

• Sun protection: Regular use of sunscreen and sun-protective clothing

• Skincare routine: Using products that don't clog pores and are non-comedogenic

• Regular dermatological check-ups: Especially if you have a family history or other risk factors